Design is a kind of artistic activity for the development of industrial products with high consumer, aesthetic, functional and technological properties, and it is also an activity for organizing a subject environment that is comfortable for a person in his life.
The relevance of the study is due to very little awareness on the part of the consumer about the purpose of the design. In today's world, it is becoming increasingly popular. It is very important to explain and give the right idea to people about what design exists for.
The purpose of our study is to study design as an element of the economic system and culture of the people.
The objectives of our research will be:
Consideration and study of the historical process of the origin of design
Analysis of the features of modern design and in particular the development of design in the Russian Federation,
determination of the influence of the economy on the formation of design products
· determination of the role of design in the standard of living of the population, as well as consideration of design management as a separate area in the development of design.
The object of research is design.
The subject of the study is design as an element of the economic system and an indicator of the standard of living of the population.
Methodology
As a methodological base, we used the works of S. M. Mikhailov - Candidate of Architecture, Professor V. L. Glazychev - Doctor of Art History, Professor of the Moscow Architectural Institute; L.M.Kuleva - Candidate of Architecture, Professor; V.F. Runge - designer, honored worker of arts and candidate of art criticism; W. Papanek - industrial designer, anthropologist, philosopher and design theorist.
The most valuable in writing our term paper was the work of Vyacheslav Glazychev "Design as it is". In this book, much attention is paid to the process of the emergence of design. The author reveals the problems, principles and technologies of architectural and design design. Historical aspects in the formation of design are also important. The author pays much attention to comparing the Russian design system with the Western one.
The author also examined in detail the relationship of design with the economy, marketing and branding.
The book helps to understand the logic of the development of the profession of a designer, as well as to learn the features in the design that he is guided by when creating a new sample of commercial products.
No less important is the book "Fundamentals of Design" by L.M. Kuleva and S.M. Mikhailov. It is from her that we learn about the development of design as a separate area in design. Having studied it, we will learn about the main stylistic trends of different countries. The main categories and principles of design activity, the main features in design are considered. The material of the book is presented in an accessible form and consists of five chapters on the most important aspects in design. A whole chapter is devoted to the features of ergonomics, as the main area in design. An equally important role is played by the marketing analysis section in design. It is there that we learn about design in terms of promoting a product on the market, about the close relationship between design and marketing. The principles of design design are revealed as the main element in the promotion of goods on the market. Great importance is placed on creating a product that meets the requirements of society, which entails studying the market and creating a corporate identity.
Each theme in the book is presented with a number of illustrations of the works of the great masters.
The research method is the induction and synthesis of the material used in the study. Analysis of various information sources gives a specific concept of certain facts or statistical indicators.
The practical significance of the work
The materials of this study can serve as a brief information and orientation course on the basics of design. This work may be useful to the student as preparation for the seminar.
1. Historiography of the issue
Design is a complex art and design activity for the formation and transformation of the subject-spatial environment and at the same time is a product of this activity.
Design includes various types of activities and collects them on a single basis - to make the environment as comfortable and aesthetically pleasing for a person as possible.
Exploring this topic, the main information was extracted from various articles and statistics. Books, of which there are not many, only tell the basics of design and its history, not talking about specific situations in a particular country. After reviewing the literature on this topic and choosing the most suitable ones for ourselves, we chose several sources.
We have chosen several books as the basis of our work.
In the book "Design as it is" by Doctor of Arts VL Glazychev, a lot is said about the formation and history of design. After reading this book, you can answer for yourself many questions related to design and the activities of designers. This book was first published in 1970 and has long since become a bibliographic rarity. To date, the book has not lost its relevance, and even gained popularity among modern designers. In this work, the commercial side of the design is well presented. The relationship between design and economics is clearly visible. The dependence of design on demand and market is considered. The author notes more than once that design is a part of marketing, an integral part of the commercial market economy of the West. The author uses the appropriate term "nondesign" to refer to this important direction in design.
Understanding the social nature of design is becoming more and more important because design technologies have long been used in all kinds of design tasks. This business involves a lot of people involved in the development of programs and projects, the promotion of finished products, and above all people who constantly find themselves in the role of consumers.
To date, without changing a single line in the previous text, the author has supplemented it with comments and a final chapter that briefly characterizes the metamorphoses of design activity for a whole generation that has passed since the first edition of the first Russian monograph on design.
The connection between design and economics is well traced in the book "Fundamentals of Design" by L.M. Kuleva. and Mikhailova S.M. This book helps us to understand the specifics and basis of the activities of designers. The basic concepts of design, its formation and development among other types of modern design and artistic activity are outlined. The features of design, features of ergonomics, functional analysis and coloring in design, the specifics of the design and artistic language of the designer, the stages of the design project are considered.
Considering that the authorship of this book belongs to two authors, it can be concluded that the opinions expressed about the design are more objective than in books presented from the point of view of one person.
The book is an excursion into the basic concepts and styles in design from the very beginning. The publication is an introductory course for students majoring in architectural design. Therefore, this material is presented with the expectation of a prepared and knowledgeable reader in this area.
Studying this material, we return to the origins of the birth of design, find out in what conditions it was born, and what was the impetus for its emergence.
Much attention in the book is paid to the formation of design in different time periods. Much attention is paid to the formation of styles, the method of comparing different styles in different countries is used.
The book is rich in illustrations. There we can see the works of outstanding masters in the field of design. This book has become very useful in writing a term paper with an accessible presentation of the material and a good illustrative series.
The work of VF Runge "History of Science and Technology" shows us the development of design along with the development of technology and science. This book is dedicated to the history of great discoveries and inventions in the field of design and architectural design. Here, under one cover, a hundred stories about the most important achievements of mankind, which made the world in which we live comfortable and technologically developed, are collected.
The book is presented in two volumes. The first book consists of 16 lectures. They provide an overview of the development of material culture from the pre-industrial era to the middle of the twentieth century. The history of the technical development of society, scientific discoveries and inventions is considered from the design and art criticism positions in conjunction with the phenomena of artistic and applied activity. Consistently, with the involvement of extensive illustrative material, the origin of industrial design in the first period of the industrial era, its formation in the first decades of the twentieth century and development in the years before the Second World War are traced. General provisions on the basics of design, its methodology are given, an interpretation of the main terms used is given.
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