Media, News, Publishing: Tumblr news update 20/03/2020 (23631)

The famous "D-Day" (the code name for the landing day) was the beginning of the largest and most technically prepared landing operation in the history of wars. It used 6,500 ships, including 4,600 landing craft, 6 battleships, dozens of cruisers and destroyers, and about 6,700 aircraft. On the reclaimed sections of the coast, the Allies quickly built special ports from pre-prepared "hubs" to receive the main forces. From England, for the first time in world practice, 20 gasoline pipelines were stretched across the strait to supply military equipment. By the end of July, 1.6 million people were already in France, as well as 340 thousand vehicles, tens of thousands of tanks and guns. The Atlantic wall was broken through in a matter of days.

At this time, the Soviet troops, having gone on the offensive in Belarus, entered Poland and advanced towards Germany with heavy fighting. Field Marshals Rundstedt and Rommel, who commanded the German troops in the West, understood that there was nowhere to wait for reinforcements, and unsuccessfully tried to convince Hitler to withdraw and thereby save the armies and conclude a separate peace with the allies. Hitler stubbornly insisted that the path to peace would be paved by the "weapon of retaliation" - the FAA projectiles, with which the Germans began to bombard England. He dismissed generals, gave impossible orders. On July 15, Rommel told Hitler: "... The troops are fighting heroically everywhere, but the unequal struggle is coming to an end..."

The defeats in the East and West increased dissatisfaction with Hitler's policies in different sections of German society. Active opponents of the Fuhrer, the military and high-ranking officials, organized a conspiracy and an attempt on his life. On July 20, 1944, a bomb exploded in Hitler's bunker, but he was fantastically lucky - he was only shell-shocked. The uprising of the conspirators, which began on the same day, was suppressed. Field Marshals von Kluge and Rommel committed suicide. The Gestapo executed over 5,000 people, including Field Marshal Witzleben and many generals.

Meanwhile, as a result of the powerful offensive of the Soviet troops in August 1944, Germany lost another ally, Romania, and thus lost a major source of oil. Bulgaria declared war on Germany. In Finland, Hitler's supporter President Ryti was forced to resign. Mannerheim, who replaced him, believed that "... Finland must separate its fate from the fate of the Nazi Reich." By agreement with the Soviet Union, Finland also withdrew from the war; German troops were ordered to leave its territory. But Hitler wanted to keep control of the nickel ore deposit in northern Finland at all costs. As a result, the recent "brothers in arms" began to fight each other. Only in October did the Germans leave Finland with heavy fighting, destroying everything on the way of retreat. In the second half of 1944, the Germans had to leave Greece and most of Yugoslavia.

Events developed rapidly in France. In August, the allies landed troops in the south of the country, liberated the large port cities of Toulon and Marseilles and launched an offensive to the north, to the borders of Germany. At the same time, an avalanche of tanks and motorized infantry was moving from Normandy towards Paris. On August 25, De Gaulle tankers under the command of General Leclerc and American motorized infantry entered the French capital, many areas of which were already controlled by Resistance units. Paris was saved, although two days earlier Hitler had ordered its destruction. In September, the Allies liberated the Belgian capital Brussels and the large port of Antwerp almost without a fight.

During the summer battles in France, the Germans lost half a million people killed and captured, a lot of military equipment. The line of defense on the western border of Germany was extremely weakened. Many German generals were convinced that further fighting was impossible. It seemed that the Allies could celebrate the victory. But an almost unbelievable thing happened: when the Allied troops were preparing, having overcome the line of fortifications on the western border of Germany, to move their armies to the Rhine, when heavy battles had already begun for the German city of Aachen, the fascist command finally took

1944 unexpected counteroffensive in the Ardennes mountains, in Belgium. His goal was to capture Antwerp, which became the main supply base for the allied armies. The operation was prepared on the personal orders of Hitler, in the deepest secrecy. The most combat-ready units, the remnants of aviation, artillery were assembled into a single fist, detachments of saboteurs disguised as allies were trained. There was not enough fuel, but the Germans counted on trophies. The strength of the counterattack turned out to be such that in a letter to Stalin, Churchill asked to speed up the offensive of Soviet troops in Poland. In January

In 1945, such an offensive began. In the same month, the offensive impulse of the Germans, who lost 120 thousand of their soldiers and officers in the Ardennes, dried up.

In February 1945, Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin met at Yalta to discuss the future of the world after the war was drawing to a close. It was decided to create the United Nations, to divide the defeated Germany into zones of occupation. By agreement, two or three months after the end of hostilities in Europe, the USSR was to enter the war with Japan.

Meanwhile, the war was going on in Germany. In the West, the Allies fought heavy battles while crossing the Rhine. Their movement to the East was not a walk along a smooth highway, although their losses are incomparable with those that the Soviet army suffered on the way to Berlin ...

By 1945, Japan was on the brink of defeat. After the turning point in the course of the war, which occurred in 1943, the Allies noticeably intensified their actions. The return of the vast territories captured by the Japanese in Asia, countless large and small islands in the Pacific Ocean began. The war was stubborn and brutal. The natural and climatic conditions also played a role. During the six-month-long (from July 1944 to January 1945) Allied offensive in Burma “... the advance, according to Churchill, was very slow ... as our soldiers, soaked to the skin, had to fight day and night in tropical conditions rain. On the so-called country roads, impassable mud now formed, through which it was often necessary to drag tools and machines by hand. What was surprising was not that progress was slow, but that under such conditions any progress was possible at all.

The Japanese defended with extraordinary tenacity. The Allies achieved success thanks to their vast superiority in weapons and skillful tactics. In 1941-1945. grandiose naval battles took place in the southern seas of the Pacific Ocean, with the simultaneous participation of hundreds of warships - battleships, aircraft carriers, torpedo boats and submarines, armadas of torpedo bombers and fighters rose into the air.

April-June 1944 became decisive in the war in the Pacific, when the Americans managed to recapture the Mariana Islands. In a four-day air battle in June 1944, the Japanese lost hundreds of combat aircraft, three of the nine Japanese aircraft carriers participating in the simultaneously played out naval battle sank. The superiority of the Americans at sea and in the air was multiple. They sent 7 battleships, 15 aircraft carriers, 13 cruisers and 58 destroyers to the Mariana Islands. This victory paved the way for the liberation of the Philippines and Indonesia.

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пятница, 20 марта 2020 г.

Tumblr news update 20/03/2020 (23631)

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пятница, 20 марта 2020 г.