Media, News, Publishing: News update 11/03/2020 (35)

Winston Churchill loved and knew how to make money. Literary studies were one of the main items of his income. Starting as a war correspondent for various English newspapers, Churchill eventually became a very popular author of numerous historical studies. The magnificent literary style and the use of a large number of documents inaccessible to other researchers made Churchill's works, such as The World Crisis, World War II, interesting both to the ordinary reader and to the professional historian. Churchill used when writing his works copies of documents that he made while in high government positions.

After the Sudanese campaign, Churchill decided to retire from the army. Apparently he realized that in the army it would be difficult for him to achieve the satisfaction of his ambitions. Politics is the field of activity where Winston finds an application for his abilities and ambition. It should be noted that his father made a swift, albeit short-lived career in the ranks of the conservative party. The experience of his father was widely used by Winston when climbing the political Olympus. The political career of Winston Churchill knew numerous ups and downs. Amazing far-sightedness and wisdom of the decisions made were combined in this man with no less amazing quarrelsomeness and stubbornness. This often led to reckless actions, as a result, he made a large number of enemies. Therefore, it often seemed that Churchill's star in the political sky of Great Britain had irrevocably set.

At the beginning of the XX century. In the political system that has developed in Great Britain, the main political parties were the Conservative and the Liberal. In his views, Churchill was always closer to the conservatives. Having established contact with the Central Bureau of the Conservative Party in June 1899, Churchill then made his first attempt to get into Parliament. But the first experience was unsuccessful. Victory came to him in the general parliamentary elections in 1900. Having entered the House of Commons for the first time as a deputy of the Conservative Party, Churchill immediately began to be active in politics. Always setting maximum tasks for himself, from the first steps in parliament he strives to gain the greatest authority in the party. To do this, he makes extensive use of his father's parliamentary tactics, built on criticism of the party leadership. Thus, he seeks to make his way as quickly as possible from an ordinary member of parliament (or, as they are also called, a “back bencher”) to leading positions in the party, and therefore, in case of victory in the general parliamentary elections, to the UK government.

By the time Great Britain entered the First World War, on August 4, 1914, Churchill's position in the government and in the country was very strong. He enjoyed well-deserved prestige and influence, and was considered a likely successor to Prime Minister Asquith. However, just over a year later, Churchill found himself not only outside the Naval Ministry, but also outside the War Cabinet. The reason for this is his numerous mistakes, the main of which was the idea of attacking Turkey (which fought on the side of Germany) through the Dardanelles. This operation cost the UK great human and material losses. The main share of the blame was assigned to Churchill as the main initiator of its implementation.

Churchill resigned and made the courageous decision to go to the army, although he could safely remain in London in a highly paid position. After spending several months on the front line as a battalion commander, Churchill decided to return to big politics again. This proved to be difficult to do. Churchill managed to make so many enemies, especially among the Conservatives, that even his friend Lloyd George, who formed his own coalition government in December 1916, failed to bring Churchill into it. It was not until July 1917 that Lloyd George was able to appoint Churchill to the post of Minister of War Supplies. In this post, Churchill also showed his best side, putting a lot of effort into creating a new weapon - tanks. He is even sometimes called the "father of the tank".

After Germany capitulated on November 11, 1918, Soviet Russia became the main object of Churchill's attention. It should be noted that throughout his life Churchill remained an implacable opponent of communism and socialism, believing that these systems are incompatible with the freedom of the individual. Already in 1953, he said: "The day will come when the whole civilized world will undoubtedly recognize that the strangulation of Bolshevism at its birth would be the greatest boon for mankind." In upholding this position of his, Churchill was very consistent. As Minister of War of Great Britain, he made considerable efforts to organize the struggle against the Bolshevik government of Russia.

Churchill was always a good speaker, paid great attention to the preparation of his speeches, so it was not difficult for him to attract a sufficiently large number of supporters to his side. Acting in this way, Churchill believed that the leaders of the party, fearing a split, would be forced to include him in the government. However, here he miscalculated. Prime Minister Balfour did not include him in the government in 1903. This development prompted Churchill to commit an act that spoiled his relations with the Conservative Party for many years. Realizing that he could not make a quick career with the Conservatives, in 1904 Churchill broke with them and went over to the liberal camp. Churchill's move paid off, as for the next 17 years, Prime Ministers from the Liberal Party were at the head of governments. Thus, Churchill was able to directly participate in the government of the country.

The beginning of Churchill's political career coincided with a very difficult period in world history.

Early 19th century was marked by the aggravation of relations between the leading industrial countries of the world, primarily between the rapidly developing Germany and Great Britain. Young and very aggressive German capital is beginning to lay claim to its vast colonial possessions. Churchill did not immediately realize the depth of the contradictions that divided Britain and Germany. At one time he even spoke out against increasing spending on armaments, but by mid-1911 Churchill came to the conclusion that war with Germany was inevitable. From that time on, he completely switched to foreign policy issues and preparations for a future war. It must be said that Churchill always took great pleasure in foreign policy than domestic policy. In matters of interstate relations, he possessed great skill, in contrast to domestic politics, where he sometimes made serious miscalculations.

Having become Minister of the Navy on December 23, 1911, Winston Churchill is making great efforts to quickly rearm the British fleet and prepare it for the coming war. At the same time, it must be remembered that due to the insular position of England, traditionally, its main striking force was not the land army, but the navy. Therefore, the future of Great Britain largely depended on how well the fleet was prepared for the impending war. Churchill understood this very well. In the short period of time that remained before the outbreak of the First World War, the Minister of the Navy, Churchill, managed to carry out several very important events: he transferred the fleet from coal to oil, which significantly increased the speed of British ships; equipped the ships with large-caliber guns and made a personnel reshuffle in the admiralty, having managed to attract younger, more energetic and knowledgeable officers to work.

Media, News, Publishing

четверг, 19 марта 2020 г.

News update 11/03/2020 (35)

Комментариев нет:

Отправить комментарий

четверг, 19 марта 2020 г.

News update 11/03/2020 (35)

Комментариев нет:

Отправить комментарий

четверг, 19 марта 2020 г.