Media, News, Publishing: News update 25/07/2020 (119)

At the end of the XVI century. pirates settled on the island of Tortuga and turned it into a powerful fortress, which became the capital of the "coastal brotherhood" for 50 years, until in 1657 the French established the power of King Louis XIV there. Having lost a safe haven, the filibusters did not despair. By that time, they had already made their predatory campaigns on large, well-armed captured ships, creating entire squadrons sailing under a black flag with the image of a skeleton, nicknamed the Jolly Roger (then only a skull and crossbones remained from the skeleton). These expeditions brought fame and wealth to their organizers - d'Aulone, Scott, Montbard, Morgan - and death to those who came across them on the way. Pirates expelled from Tortugi quickly settled on the island of Jamaica. In the capital of the island, Port Royal, the British even organized a whole company engaged in the trade of Negro slaves.

Pirates have always been famous for their passion for the slave trade. They quickly entered into commercial cooperation with merchants and soon turned Port Royal into their base. In this city, no one was interested in whether the goods were honestly obtained and how much blood was shed by the one who delivered them - they paid for everything in hard currency. Pirates walked around here in silk and velvet, littering gold right and left in taverns and gambling houses.

European states were very concerned about the deeds of the inhabitants of Port Royal. But the city "nicknamed" Pirate Babylon "had the wealth of merchants, able to bribe any official, and the ships of sea robbers, more and more greedy and merciless. At the end of the XV century. among them, Henry Morgan was especially famous.

Henry Morgan, nicknamed the Cruel, is perhaps the most famous pirate, if not in the world, then certainly in the Caribbean - for sure. He started as a cabin boy, was a "white slave", became a pirate "admiral", dreamed of creating a filibuster state, stormed Spanish cities, was handed over to English justice, but did not end up on the scaffold, but appeared before King James II, who appointed him governor of the island Jamaica. After receiving such an honorary position, Morgan "took up his mind" and devoted the rest of his days to reprisals against former colleagues from the "coastal brotherhood", turning "pirate Babylon" into a relatively calm center of maritime trade.

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But calm, apparently, was not destined for Port Royal. In 1692 (four years after the death of Governor Morgan) a strong earthquake destroyed the wealthy city. Its ruins lie at the bottom of the sea and still attract seekers of sunken treasures. Piracy in the Caribbean has declined.

In the Atlantic, however, it was rather calm until the end of the 15th century, until the wars of Europe brought new squadrons to the sea (this time to the shores of North America) with privateers that easily turned into pirates and just thugs, no less cruel than their Caribbean predecessors. Piracy existed wherever sea trade routes to Europe ran, in all oceans except the Arctic.

In the Indian Ocean, Arabs and Indians piracy, and among the latter, the robbery craft often passed from father to son, from generation to generation. In the eighteenth century European pirates expelled from the Caribbean came to the Indian Ocean. They began to unite with local "colleagues", often leading them and creating, as in the Atlantic, their own communities. Interesting was the attempt of the Frenchman Misson and the Italian Caraccioli, failed monks and piracy romantics, to create a republic from their fellow robbers, living according to the laws of equality. They brought up sailors in the spirit of the Ten Biblical Commandments, took away no more than half of the goods from those who were taken on board, not forgetting to apologize, and behaved with dumbfounded victims politely and considerately (which, apparently, did not meet with much resistance). In the end, the "apostles of the new faith" (as these strange pirates called themselves) founded the Republic of Libertalia in Madagascar. It did not last long and was plundered by local tribes.

The founders of sea robbery in the Pacific Ocean, or rather, in the Far Eastern Seas, were the Chinese and Japanese. They were attracted by merchant fleets loaded with goods and passenger ships. Along with this, frequent wars between states contributed to the development of piracy.

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News update 25/07/2020 (119)

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суббота, 25 июля 2020 г.