From the middle of the VTII century. with the growth of the power of military governors (jiedushi), the power of the dynasty weakened. An Lushan, a Turk by origin, revolted and declared himself Huangdi. Because of the atrocities of the foreign army of An Lushan, the Chinese population turned against him. He himself died at the hands of the conspirators, among whom was his son. More formidable than the performance of An Lushan, for the power of the Tang house was the uprising of the peasants led by Huang Chao, which began in 874. Coming from a family of a rich salt-worker, Huang Chao proclaimed himself the sovereign of a new dynasty, Great Qi, but was abandoned by the military leaders and put an end to himself in 901
The challenge that the newly-minted "autocrats" like An Lushan and Huang Chao alternately threw to the Tang house turned out to be a harbinger of the imminent death of the dynasty. In 907, a palace coup ended it.
On the ruins of the Tang state, numerous small possessions appeared, the time of their existence, from 907 to 960, was called "five dynasties and ten kingdoms." The peoples neighboring Tang China create their own states. In the west, among the Tanguts, the state of Xi-Xia arises; in the north, among the Khitans, the state of Liao. In the course of internecine struggle, China was united in 979 under the Song Dynasty (960-1279). During her reign, there were unsuccessful wars with the northern neighbors - Liao (Khitans) and Xi-Xia (Tang-guts), - under the terms of contracts with which they had to pay tribute in silk, silver and tea. The first minister of the Sung court, Van Anypi (1021-1085), intended to establish life in the country in a new way. The economic measures he proposed included the implementation of irrigation works (those who did not want to participate could pay off with money or products); allocation of loans to the peasantry; exemption from labor duties; measurement of fields in order to evenly distribute taxes; setting fixed prices for all trade items. Wang Anypi's reform also provided for the reorganization of the army.
Due to the opposition of supporters of the previous order, the transformation of Wang Anypi did not take place. The rulers of the Song dynasty did not enjoy the support of the people and were unable to organize a rebuff to the invasion of the Jurchens, who captured the north of China and founded the state of Jin - Golden (1115-1234). The Sung court moved to the south. There, in the city of Hangzhou, the Southern Song dynasty (1117-1279) was established.
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