It turned out that preaching universal love is easier than following this sermon. A merciless political struggle flared up in Florence. Executions, murders, exiles, pogroms, tortures, arson and robberies followed one after another. When a famous person died, rumors spread around the city about his poisoning. The Lorenzo family did not escape suspicion of murders and other crimes, in which his heirs were also accused. For example, contemporaries claimed that Cosimo I Medici (1519-1574) killed his son Garcia in a fit of anger, and Pietro, son of Cosimo, struck his wife Eleanor to death with a dagger.
The permissiveness and impunity of those in power led to a decline in the morals of the rest of the townspeople. To harm the enemies, the Florentines made magic potions, summoned demons. Many believed in ghosts, the evil eye, corruption, and black riders who intended to destroy Florence. Instead of holy water, as Christians should, they used mixtures made up of crushed hair, bones and clothes of the dead. Myself
Marsilio Ficino, for example, studied alchemy and astrology, making horoscopes for the children of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Who could condemn the inhabitants of Florence, if even the highest clergy - the Popes - behaved in this way?
And then a man appeared in the city who publicly began to denounce vice. His name was Girrolamo Savonarola. He was born in Ferrara, in a family of famous doctors. His parents wanted him to inherit the family profession. But the young man wanted to become a priest. In his sermons, he argued that without moral virtues, both the individual and the whole society will inevitably find themselves on the verge of death.
In 1491, Savonarola was elected rector of the cathedral in Florence. That's when Lorenzo Medici heard about him. It was strange for him to see a person, albeit a clergyman, who dared to reproach him for despotism, robbery of fellow citizens, and various evil intentions. Lorenzo tried to tame a bold preacher. He often went to the cathedral, made rich contributions, invited Savonarola to his palace. Everything was in vain. Savonarola openly declared that great changes must be expected, since. the time of life, allotted to Lorenzo by God, expires and the Last Judgment and fiery hell await him.
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By that time, Lorenzo was in fact seriously ill, and his soul longed for peace, absolution. He did not believe his confessors, knowing their cowardice and venality. Lorenzo wanted to confess to a man whom he began to respect for his courage and incorruptibility. Savonarola came to the dying Lorenzo, but agreed to confess him under certain conditions: he must rely on the infinite mercy of God, correct the consequences of the crimes committed or bequeath it to his sons and, last but not least, return freedom to the Florentine people. The last condition infuriated Lorenzo, and Savonarola left without giving him absolution. April 8, 1492 Lorenzo the Magnificent died.
His heir, Piero, a handsome and frivolous man, in a short time, with his stupidity and arrogance, achieved universal self-hatred and an increase in the number of Savonarola's like-minded people. While Piero squandered the wealth of the Medici house, Savonarola stubbornly built his home - the monastic community. In the monastery, he introduced a strict vow of poverty, which forbade all excesses and luxury. The monks had to do useful work. Savonarola organized schools where fine arts, philosophy, morality, law, Holy Scripture, languages - Greek, Hebrew, etc. were studied.
Not without his influence, on November 19, 1494, Piero Medici was deposed by the inhabitants of Florence and fled first to Venice, and then to Rome, where he began to weave intrigues against Savonarola.
After the flight of the Medici, Savonarola proposed to the fathers of the city his program of action. A Grand Council is established in the city, in which all residents could take part upon reaching the age of 29. The Council had full power, and the Small Council was vested with executive power, where the most deserving were elected.
Savonarola proposed a reform of the judiciary and a general amnesty. The rector of the cathedral carried out all these events without coercion and violence, using only his authority and ability to convince.
While preaching repentance and moral revival, he was not a persecutor of art and science. When it became known about the sale of the huge, collected by more than one generation, the library of the Medici house, Savonarola did everything possible to preserve it. He ordered the sale of part of the monastery lands, made a large loan on his own behalf, bought the library and opened it for public use.
