Media, News, Publishing: Города 19.05.2020

At all stages of the struggle, the Americans relied on the powerful support of the English lower classes, who suffered from the same oppressions and oppressors. In addition, they were supported by the big bourgeois and their Whig party, who resisted the excessive appetites of the royal power in the exploitation of the colonies. One of the first results of this support, without which the Americans apparently would not have achieved independence, was the repeal in 1766 of the Stamp Act by Parliament. The jubilation of the numerous crowds of Londoners on this occasion was hardly inferior to the jubilation on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.

Tensions between the British authorities and the colonists, however, persisted. In 1770, during the dispersal of a demonstration at the Boston customs house, shooting suddenly began. Three people were killed. This event, known as the "Boston Massacre", was used by the radical press to the full extent to incite hatred towards the British. The colonists, who advocated unity with their British compatriots, were contemptuously dubbed "loyalists", or "Tories", emphasizing their connection with the hated royal power. "Patriots" began to be called radical separatists who advocated secession from the British Empire.

In subsequent years, events took on an irreversible character. Any action of the English government, headed by Lord North, was considered as part of a cunning, "devilish plan" to completely enslave the American colonies. Thus, the decision of the British authorities to pay salaries to governors from the royal treasury was interpreted as "undermining local governments." The reaction of the Americans to the "tea law" of 1773 does not fit into the common opinion about them as pragmatists. Giving under this law a monopoly on the trade in tea with the colonies of the East India Company, the British government counted on the support of the colonists, since the elimination of intermediary links significantly reduced the retail price of tea. However, the colonists opposed the law, i.e. against your own wallet. They were convinced that the "tea law" was setting "a most dangerous precedent."

In December 1773, in the Boston port, crowds of citizens prevented the unloading of three ships with a cargo of tea. On December 16, 1773, at the command of Adams, several Bostonians, disguised as Indians, boarded ships and dumped bales of tea into the sea. This action was called the "Boston Tea Party" and was regarded in London as a serious crime. Parliament suspended constitutional guarantees, a state of emergency was declared in Boston, the civilian governor was replaced by a military commander, and the harbor was blockaded.

Hostilities began on April 19, 1775. By order of the British commander, General Gage, the battalions of the royal troops went first from Boston to Lexington, and then to Concord. Their tasks were: the capture of the two leaders of the "rebels", Adams and Hancock - a merchant who joined the radicals, later the president of the Continental Congress, and the elimination of an underground arms depot in Concord. But the rebel leaders were warned in time by the Boston "patriot" Rivier.

So, a detachment of 700 men entered Lexington. In front of him, in the town square, stood the disorganized ranks of the local Minutemen—volunteers.

There were about 70 of them, and an English officer from the vanguard, riding ahead, suggested that they go home. The Minutemen had already agreed, but suddenly, as during the Boston Massacre, a provocative shot rang out, wounding a British soldier. The British fired a volley of muskets, after which 8 dead and 10 wounded colonists remained lying on the square. Then the soldiers entered Concord and seized weapons that the locals had not yet had time to hide.

Word of the "terrible atrocity" in Lexington spread throughout the area, and the British returned to Boston without arresting Adams and Hank, under a hail of bullets. British soldiers in scarlet uniforms with yellow trim and white spats (for the color of their uniforms the Americans called them "red coats" or "lobsters") were a good target. As a result of the expedition to Concord, English losses amounted to 273 people, and American - 95.

Media, News, Publishing

вторник, 19 мая 2020 г.

Города 19.05.2020

Комментариев нет:

Отправить комментарий

вторник, 19 мая 2020 г.

Города 19.05.2020

Комментариев нет:

Отправить комментарий

вторник, 19 мая 2020 г.