Reformation" is a Latin word, but it means "change, restructuring." Latin in the Middle Ages was used mainly by learned people - lawyers and theologians; they were the first to propose "reforming", i.e. to transform first the Christian church, and later the Christian doctrine itself. The call of priests and theologians to change many things in the life of the church and ordinary believers evoked a strong response from the peoples of Europe and had a great impact on the history of some European countries. In the XVI-XVTI centuries. all the states of Europe were divided into two large camps: in England, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the Scandinavian countries, some German principalities, the Reformation won, and the north of the continent became basically “Protestant” (we will tell a little about the origin of the word “Protestantism”, meaning reformation doctrine later); Spain, Italy, France, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and the rest of the German lands remained faithful to the Pope and the Catholic religion. The struggle between the supporters of the popes and the reformers only for the first time unfolded within the walls of university halls, churches and monasteries - the opponents soon took up arms, and the first blood of fighters for the faith was shed on the battlefields. Bonfires blazed, on which not only dangerous books were burned, but also their authors. Religious intolerance split friendly families, setting son against father and brother against brother. People of the late Middle Ages and the beginning of the New Age were shocked by the mutual hatred and general bitterness that spilled out during the struggle between reformers and Catholics. The British and the French, the Germans and the Dutch gradually realized that in addition to a frenzied faith in God, people also need tolerance for each other, a readiness to recognize the right of everyone to their own views and beliefs. Therefore, the history of the Reformation is not only the history of the church and the Christian faith, but also the story of how people, aspiring to God, learned to see in their neighbor a person endowed with their own will and freedom to choose their life path. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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